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Education at a Glance

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Education at a Glance 2022

OECD Indicators

Education at a Glance is the authoritative source for data on the state of education around the world. It provides information on the structure, finances and performance of education systems across OECD countries and partner economies. More than 100 charts and tables in this publication – as well as much more data available online – provide key information on the output of educational institutions; the impact of learning across countries; access, participation and progression in education; the financial resources invested in education; and teachers, the learning environment and the organisation of schools. The 2022 edition focuses on tertiary education, looking at the rise of tertiary attainment and the associated benefits for individuals and for societies. It also considers the costs of tertiary education and how spending on education is divided across levels of government and between the state and individuals. A specific chapter is dedicated to the COVID crisis and the shift from crisis management to recovery. Two new indicators on professional development for teachers and school heads and on the profile of academic staff complement this year's edition.

Published on October 03, 2022Also available in: German

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword
Editorial
Reader’s guide
Executive summary
COVID-19: The second year of the pandemic
The output of educational institutions and the impact of learning6 chapters available
To what level have adults studied?
Transition from education to work: Where are today’s youth?
How does educational attainment affect participation in the labour market?
What are the earnings advantages from education?
How are social outcomes related to education?
To what extent do adults participate in education and training?
Access to education, participation and progress6 chapters available
Who participates in education?
How do early childhood education systems differ around the world?
Who is expected to graduate from upper secondary education?
Who is expected to enter tertiary education?
How many students complete tertiary education?
What is the profile of internationally mobile students?
Financial resources invested in education7 chapters available
Introduction
How much is spent per student on educational institutions?
What proportion of national output is spent on educational institutions?
How much public and private investment in educational institutions is there?
What is the total public spending on education?
How much do tertiary students pay and what public support do they receive?
On what resources and services is education funding spent?
Teachers, the learning environment and the organisation of schools5 chapters available
How much are teachers and school heads paid?
How much time do teachers and school heads spend teaching and working?
What are the pathways to becoming a teacher and a school head?
How extensive are professional development activities for teachers and school heads?
What is the profile of academic staff and what is the student-academic staff ratio?
Annexes3 chapters available
Characteristics of education systems
Reference statistics
Introduction to Sources, methods and technical notes
Source, methodology and technical notes4 chapters available
Source, methodology and technical notes for Chapter A
Source, methodology and technical notes for Chapter B
Source, methodology and technical notes for Chapter C
Source, methodology and technical notes for Chapter D
Country notes45 chapters available
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Saudi Arabia
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Türkiye
United Kingdom
United States
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Indicators by theme

Impact of learning

Outcomes of educational institutions

This chapter looks at the outcomes of those leaving education systems and the impact of education on employment, earnings and well-being

EXPLORE DATA & FINDINGS
Access to education

Participation and progress

This chapter looks at who accesses, enrolls in and completes different levels of education, as well as the various pathways followed between types of programmes and across education levels

EXPLORE DATA & FINDINGS
Financial resources

Investment in education

This chapter looks at expenditure in education, the sources of funding, tuition fees and financial support to students, and what influences teachers’ salary cost per student

EXPLORE DATA & FINDINGS
Learning environment

Teachers and school organisation

This chapter looks at instruction time, class size, teachers’ and school heads’ working time and salaries, the characteristics of teachers, school funding formulas and teacher attrition

EXPLORE DATA & FINDINGS

Spotlight on Tertiary Education

Find out the key data about the state of tertiary education from Education at a Glance 2022 (Download Spotlight)

Join us: The state of world education

Explore the data

Education at a Glance 2022

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Two years into the pandemic: How education systems have coped with the second year of COVID
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Read the blog |15:00 October 3, 2022

Infographics