94 research outputs found
Education of future paramedics - variation in level of experience when entering paramedic training. A quantitative pilot study
Get PDF"Hand hygiene perception and self-reported hand hygiene compliance among emergency medical service providers : a Danish survey"
Get PDFBackgroundHand hygiene (HH), a cornerstone in infection prevention and control, lacks quality in emergency medical services (EMS). HH improvement includes both individual and institutional aspects, but little is known about EMS providers' HH perception and motivations related to HH quality. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the HH perception and assess potential factors related to self-reported HH compliance among the EMS cohort.MethodsA cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items (developed from the WHOs Perception Survey for Health-Care Workers) provided information on demographics, HH perceptions and self-reported HH compliance among EMS providers from Denmark.ResultsOverall, 457 questionnaires were answered (response rate 52%). Most respondents were advanced-care providers, males, had >5years of experience, and had received HH trainingPeer reviewe
A glossary for social-to-biological research
Get PDFResearch has shown that our socially structured experiences elicit a biological response, leading to the observation that numerous biomarkers (objective biological measures that are representative of various biological processes) are socially patterned. This âsocial-to-biologicalâ research is of interest to researchers across multiple disciplines and topics and especially to those with an interest in understanding the biological embodiment of the âsocial environmentâ. Combining social and biomarker data is also of relevance to those examining the biological determinants of social behaviours (for example, the relationship between genetics and certain behaviours like smoking). However, as much of the research involving biomarkers and social data are multidisciplinary, researchers need to understand why and how to optimally use and combine such data. This article provides a resource for researchers by introducing a range of commonly available biomarkers across studies and countries. Because of the breadth of possible analyses, we do not aim to provide an exhaustive and detailed review of each. Instead, we have structured the glossary to include: an easy-to-understand definition; a description of how it is measured; key considerations when using; and an example of its use in a relevant social-to-biological study. We have limited this glossary to biomarkers that are available in large health and social surveys or population-based cohort studies and focused on biomarkers in adults. We have structured the glossary around the main physiological systems studied in research on social to biological transition and those that go across systems and highlight some basic terms and key theoretical concepts
A glossary for social-to-biological research
Get PDFResearch has shown that our socially structured experiences elicit a biological response, leading to the observation that numerous biomarkers (objective biological measures that are representative of various biological processes) are socially patterned. This âsocial-to-biologicalâ research is of interest to researchers across multiple disciplines and topics and especially to those with an interest in understanding the biological embodiment of the âsocial environmentâ. Combining social and biomarker data is also of relevance to those examining the biological determinants of social behaviours (for example, the relationship between genetics and certain behaviours like smoking). However, as much of the research involving biomarkers and social data are multidisciplinary, researchers need to understand why and how to optimally use and combine such data. This article provides a resource for researchers by introducing a range of commonly available biomarkers across studies and countries. Because of the breadth of possible analyses, we do not aim to provide an exhaustive and detailed review of each. Instead, we have structured the glossary to include: an easy-to-understand definition; a description of how it is measured; key considerations when using; and an example of its use in a relevant social-to-biological study. We have limited this glossary to biomarkers that are available in large health and social surveys or population-based cohort studies and focused on biomarkers in adults. We have structured the glossary around the main physiological systems studied in research on social to biological transition and those that go across systems and highlight some basic terms and key theoretical concepts
Upper ocean carbon fluxes in the Atlantic Ocean: The importance of the POC:PIC ratio
Get PDFThe mean depth distribution of the POC:PIC ratio of sinking particles, measured with particle interceptor traps deployed in the Atlantic Ocean, is fitted by an exponential function (POC:PIC = 64.3Zâ0.56; r2 = 0.69) The function is successfully evaluated by comparison with (a) estimates of the POC:PIC ratio of export production, computed from seasonal changes of nitrate and alkalinity and (b) estimates of the POC:PIC ratio of remineralization on shallow isopycnals. The basin mean POC:PIC ratio of export production is 4.2â4.37. The POC:PIC-depth function is combined with empirical relationships between the flux of particulate organic matter, primary production and depth, satellite derived primary production data sets, and the regional distribution of Ï (the ratio of released CO2:precipitated carbonate during CaCO3 formation) in order to estimate the effective carbon flux (Jeff) in the Atlantic Ocean. Remineralization of organic carbon above the winter mixed layer (11â17%) and CaCO3 sequestration from the winter mixed layer (13â16%), which is the balance between CaCO3 production and shallow dissolution, are the two main processes which control the difference between export production (0.9 and 2.9 GT C yrâ1) and Jeff (0.64 and 2.2 GT C yrâ1) on the basin scale (65°N to 65°S). CaCO3 sequestration is the dominant process modulating effective carbon export in the tropics, while shallow POC remineralization dominates in temperate and polar waters. Observed regional patterns like polarward increases of the POC:PIC export ratio and of Ï counteract each other largely when Jeff is computed
The necessity of prehospital peripheral intravenous cannulation and its relation to triage category
No full textBackground: Prehospital peripheral intravenous cannulation (PPIC) is a procedure performed routinely and often precautionary despite evidence that it increases the risk of infection and phlebitis, prolongs scene time and increases mortality. The aim of this study was to identify to which extend PPIC was necessary before arrival to hospital, and to investigate whether the triage category of the patient had a role in the necessity of PPIC.
Methods: Prehospital providers from the Capital Region of Denmark were asked to collect data on all PPIC attempts in a course of two months, during summer 2018. The questions were related to the patientsâ classification into one of four available triage categories and the providersâ assessment of the necessity of the PPIC for either prehospital medical treatment or the anticipation of such. Data was exported to statistical software for analysis and descriptive statistics was performed.
Results: From the available datasets (n=204) 52% (n=106) of PPIC attempts were considered necessary by the prehospital provider. In the red/immediate triage category, 37 PPIC attempts were performed, of these 70.2% (n=26) were considered necessary. In the amber/very urgent triage category, 20 PPIC attempts were performed, of these 85% (n=17) were considered necessary. In the yellow/urgent triage category, 40 PPIC attempts were performed, of these 65% (n=26) were considered necessary. In the green/non-urgent triage category, 107 PPIC attempts were performed, of these 34.6% (n=37) were considered necessary.
Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, approximately half of PPICâs are necessary for prehospital use, and the necessity tends to correspond with an increase in triage category. However, PPIC necessity for patients in the green/non-urgent triage category should be carefully evaluated, based on a patient risk/benefit analysis
End-tidal kuldioxid monitorering af den ikke-intuberede, akutte patient giver potentiel diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmĂŠssig vĂŠrdi
No full textBaggrund
End-tidal carbondioxid (etCO2) monitorering anvendes rutinemĂŠssigt hos alle intuberede patienter. Kapnografi er ligeledes tilgĂŠngelig til den ikke-intuberede, akutte patient, hvor brugen i diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmĂŠssigt Ăžjemed er sparsomt beskrevet.
FormÄl
FormÄlet med denne statusartikel er at beskrive og diskutere eventuelle diagnostiske og patientsikkerhedsmÊssige fordele og ulemper ved kapnografimonitorering af ikke-intuberede, akutte patienter.
Metode
Artiklen er baseret pÄ resultatet af en systematisk litteratursÞgning, hvor tilgÊngelig evidens fra 1990-2016 blev identificeret fra databaserne MEDLINE, Cinahl, Scopus, Cochrane og Academic Search Complete. Litteratur relevant for denne artikels emne blev udvalgt og gennemgÄet.
Resultat
Artiklen beskriver og diskuterer den udvalgte litteratur. Overordnet vidner denne om en diagnostisk og patientsikkerhedsmĂŠssig fordel ved kapnografi til patienter med vejrtrĂŠkningsbesvĂŠr, til vurdering af effekt af medicinsk behandling samt til kontinuerlig monitorering. Artiklen diskuterer ligeledes anvendelsen af kapnografi prĂŠhospitalt og potentialet for brugen i Akutafdelingen.
Konklusion Kapnografi findes i varierende grad at have potentiale indenfor diagnostik og kontinuerlig monitorering af akutte patienter, efter adĂŠkvat uddannelse i brugen.
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Background End-tidal carbon dioxide (etCO2) monitoring is routinely used in intubated patients. Capnography is also available for the non-intubated patient but its use as a diagnostic and patient safety tool is sparsely described. Aim The aim of this article was to describe and discuss potential diagnostic and patient safety benefits of capnography monitoring in acute, non-intubated patients.
Methods The article is based on the results of a systematic literature search, where available evidence from 1990-2016 was located from the databases MEDLINE, Cinahl, Scopus, Cochrane and Academic Search Complete. Literature relevant for this article was selected and reviewed. Results The article describes and discusses the selected literature. Overall, there is evidence of a diagnostic and patient safety benefit for patients with breathing difficulties, assessment of the effect of medical treatment and capnography used as continuous monitoring. The article further discusses the prehospital use of capnography in Denmark and the possible advantages for its use in the Emergency Department. Conclusions After adequate training in its use, capnography seems to have potential in diagnostics and continuous monitoring of acute, non-intubated patients
Underwriter Reputation and Certification in the High Yield Bond Market
No full textLimbach P, Betzer A, Andres C. Underwriter Reputation and Certification in the High Yield Bond Market . In: Fridson M, ed. High Yield Future Tense: Cracking the Code of Speculative Debt. 2015
Three-component C-H bond sulfonylation of imidazoheterocycles via visible-light organophotoredox catalysis
No full textInternational audienc
Fluorescent biosensor for detection of the R248Q aggregationâprone mutant of p53
No full textInternational audienceThe p53 tumour suppressor and guardian of the genome undergoes missense mutations that lead to functional inactivation in 50â% of human cancers. These mutations occur mostly in the DNAâbinding domain of the protein, and several of these result in conformational changes that lead to amyloidâlike protein aggregation. Herein, we describe a fluorescent biosensor that reports on the R248Q mutant of p53 in vitro and in living cells, engineered through conjugation of an environmentally sensitive probe onto a peptide derived from the primary aggregation segment of p53. This biosensor was characterised both in vitro and by means of fluorescence microscopy following facilitated delivery into cultured cells. It is shown that this biosensor preferentially reports on the p53 R248Q mutant in the PC9 lung cancer cell line compared with other lung cancer cell lines harbouring either wildâtype or no p53
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